2010년도의 나의 작품

/etc/passwd
/etc/shadow

2)Domain

SMTP

POP3 IMAP

Relay(spam)


1) a.com

test a @ a.com
test b @ b.com

1) DNS
2) Sendmail

sendmail.conf
access:Relay

---오후

1.DHCP

- 자동 (통신 (IP,S/M, G/W, DNS )

1) PCI - Network 설정 - 자동구성

나에게 ip....... 줄 수 있는 사람
-> MAC

2)DHCP - >
3) PC1
4) DHCP

 

nfs :
samba
어떤기종으로 공유를 하느냐에 따라...

nfs 공유 서비스
자원을 공유로 시작해서 서비스(port)를 받아감
장점:자원공유
네트워크연결

자원,인증,디렉토리권한

--서버--
[root@angelserv ~]# rpm -qa nfs-utils
nfs-utils-1.0.6-84.EL4
rpm -a^Hqa pr[root@angelserv ~]#
[root@angelserv ~]# rpm -qa nfs-utils
nfs-utils-1.0.6-84.EL4
[root@angelserv ~]# rpm -qa portmap
portmap-4.0-63
[root@angelserv ~]# chkconfig nfs on
[root@angelserv ~]# chkconfig --list nfs
nfs             0:해제  1:해제  2:활성  3:활성  4:활성  5:활성  6:해제
[root@angelserv ~]# chkconfig --list portmap
portmap         0:해제  1:해제  2:해제  3:활성  4:활성  5:활성  6:해제
--- portmap Service : 활성화 여부 확인
[root@angelserv ~]# vi /etc/exports
      1 /share 192.168.1.134$

[root@angelserv ~]# service nfs restart
NFS mountd를 종료 중입니다:                                [  확인  ]
NFS 데몬을 종료 중입니다:                                  [  확인  ]
NFS quota를 종료 중입니다:                                 [  확인  ]
NFS 서비스를 종료 중입니다:                                [  확인  ]
NFS 서비스를 시작하고 있습니다:                            [  확인  ]
NFS 쿼터를 시작하고 있습니다:                              [  확인  ]
NFS 데몬을 시작함:                                         [  확인  ]
NFS mountd를 시작하고 있습니다:                            [  확인  ]

1.ide
scsi(sda)
2. fdisk 명령어 찾아보기
3.fdisk 를 할때 파티션을 나누는 두가지 방식
기본방식P 3개
확장방식E
4.mkfs

HDD - ide   -  hd abc...
          scsi -  어떤것으로 시작하느냐에 따라서 달라짐
fdisk 
4개
boot sawp home   3개는 기본
확장

---------fdisk

/share1   sdb1   오른쪽 (rw)
/share2  hda1 모두접근가능 (ro)
/share3 - > sdb1  : 192.168.1.204(root)
(참고. http://www.cyworld.com/xjbin/2850828 )

[root@angelserv ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/hda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
15 heads, 63 sectors/track, 17753 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 945 * 512 = 483840 bytes

Disk /dev/hda doesn't contain a valid partition table

Disk /dev/sda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1          13      104391   83  Linux
/dev/sda2              14         144     1052257+  82  Linux swap
/dev/sda3             145         275     1052257+  83  Linux
/dev/sda4             276        1044     6176992+   5  Extended
/dev/sda5             276        1044     6176961   83  Linux

Disk /dev/sdb: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table
[root@angelserv ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
content won't be recoverable.

The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 1044.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
   (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

Command (m for help): m
Command action
   a   toggle a bootable flag
   b   edit bsd disklabel
   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
   d   delete a partition
   l   list known partition types
   m   print this menu
   n   add a new partition
   o   create a new empty DOS partition table
   p   print the partition table
   q   quit without saving changes
   s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
   t   change a partition's system id
   u   change display/entry units
   v   verify the partition table
   w   write table to disk and exit
   x   extra functionality (experts only)

Command (m for help): n
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-1044, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-1044, default 1044):
Using default value 1044

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1               1        1044     8385898+  83  Linux

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

[root@angelserv ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/hda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
15 heads, 63 sectors/track, 17753 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 945 * 512 = 483840 bytes

Disk /dev/hda doesn't contain a valid partition table

Disk /dev/sda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1          13      104391   83  Linux
/dev/sda2              14         144     1052257+  82  Linux swap
/dev/sda3             145         275     1052257+  83  Linux
/dev/sda4             276        1044     6176992+   5  Extended
/dev/sda5             276        1044     6176961   83  Linux

Disk /dev/sdb: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1               1        1044     8385898+  83  Linux
[root@angelserv ~]# fdisk /dev/hda
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
content won't be recoverable.

The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 17753.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
   (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

Command (m for help): m
Command action
   a   toggle a bootable flag
   b   edit bsd disklabel
   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
   d   delete a partition
   l   list known partition types
   m   print this menu
   n   add a new partition
   o   create a new empty DOS partition table
   p   print the partition table
   q   quit without saving changes
   s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
   t   change a partition's system id
   u   change display/entry units
   v   verify the partition table
   w   write table to disk and exit
   x   extra functionality (experts only)

Command (m for help): n
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-17753, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-17753, default 17753):
Using default value 17753

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

[root@angelserv ~]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1
mke2fs 1.35 (28-Feb-2004)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
1048576 inodes, 2097065 blocks
104853 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=2147483648
64 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
16384 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632

Writing inode tables: done                           
Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 39 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
[root@angelserv ~]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/sda1
mke2fs 1.35 (28-Feb-2004)
/dev/sda1 is mounted; will not make a filesystem here!
[root@angelserv ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/hda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
15 heads, 63 sectors/track, 17753 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 945 * 512 = 483840 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/hda1               1       17753     8388261   83  Linux

Disk /dev/sda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1          13      104391   83  Linux
/dev/sda2              14         144     1052257+  82  Linux swap
/dev/sda3             145         275     1052257+  83  Linux
/dev/sda4             276        1044     6176992+   5  Extended
/dev/sda5             276        1044     6176961   83  Linux

Disk /dev/sdb: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1               1        1044     8385898+  83  Linux
[root@angelserv ~]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.35 (28-Feb-2004)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
1048576 inodes, 2096474 blocks
104823 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=2147483648
64 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
16384 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632

Writing inode tables: done                           
Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 24 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

[root@angelserv ~]# mount /dev/sdb1 /share1
[root@angelserv ~]# mount /dev/hda1 /share2
[root@angelserv ~]# mount /dev/sdb1 /share3

[root@angelserv ~]# exportfs -ar
exportfs: No options for /share 192.168.1.134: suggest 192.168.1.134(sync) to avoid warning
exportfs: No options for /share1 192.168.1.134: suggest 192.168.1.134(sync) to avoid warning
exportfs: /etc/exports [3]: No 'sync' or 'async' option specified for export "192.168.1.131:/share".
  Assuming default behaviour ('sync').
  NOTE: this default has changed from previous versions
exportfs: /etc/exports [4]: No 'sync' or 'async' option specified for export "192.168.1.153:/share1".
  Assuming default behaviour ('sync').
  NOTE: this default has changed from previous versions
exportfs: No options for /share2 *: suggest *(sync) to avoid warning

오후------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

SAMBA Service

[root@angelserv ~]# rpm -qa | grep smb
gnome-vfs2-smb-2.8.2-8.6.EL4
pam_smb-1.1.7-5
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root

[root@angelserv ~]# vi /etc/samba/smbusers

      1 # Unix_name = SMB_name1 SMB_name2 ...$
      2 root = administrator admin$
      3 nobody = guest pcguest smbguest$



[ a ]  all
 \\192.168.1.133\
[ b ] 지정
\\192.168.1.133\a

 [root@angelserv home]# vi /etc/samba/smb.conf
     57 [global]$
     58 ^I$
     59 # ----------------------- Netwrok Related Options -------------------------$
     60 #$
     61 # workgroup = NT-Domain-Name or Workgroup-Name, eg: MIDEARTH$
     62 #$
     63 # server string is the equivalent of the NT Description field$
     64 #$
     65 # netbios name can be used to specify a server name not tied to the hostname$
     66 #$
     67 # Interfaces lets you configure Samba to use multiple interfaces$
     68 # If you have multiple network interfaces then you can list the ones$
     69 # you want to listen on (never omit localhost)$
     70 #$
     71 # Hosts Allow/Hosts Deny lets you restrict who can connect, and you can$
     72 # specifiy it as a per share option as well$
     73 #$
     74    workgroup = WORKGROUP$
     75 ^Iserver string = Samba Server Version %v$
     76 ^Inetbios name = abc$
     77 ^Iinterfaces = 192.168.1.133/24$
     78 ^Ihosts allow = 192.168.1.$
     79 $
     80 ^Ilog file = /var/log/samba/%m.log$
     81 ^Imax log size = 50$
     82 $
     83 ^Isecurity = share$
     84 ^Ipassdb backend = smbpasswd$
     85 ^Iencrypt passwords = yes$
     86 ^Ismb passwd file = /etc/samba/smbpasswd$

    258 #============================ Share Definitions ==============================$
    259 ^I$
    260    idmap uid = 16777216-33554431$
    261    idmap gid = 16777216-33554431$
    262    template shell = /bin/false$
    263    winbind use default domain = no$
    264 [homes]$
    265 ^Icomment = Home Directories$
    266 ^Ibrowseable = no$
    267 ^Iwritable = yes$
    268 ;^Ivalid users = %S$
    269 ;^Ivalid users = MYDOMAIN\%S$
    270 ^I$
    271 [printers]$
    272 ^Icomment = All Printers$
    273 ^Ipath = /var/spool/samba$
    274 ^Ibrowseable = no$
    275 ^Iguest ok = no$
    276 ^Iwritable = no$
    277 ^Iprintable = yes$
    278 #[angelservsmb]$
    279 #^Icomment = Linux SAMBA Share Directory$
    280 #^Ipath = /smbshare$
    281 #^Ibrowseable = yes$
    282 #^Ipublic = yes$
    283 #^Iread only = yes$
    284 [smb05]$
    285 ^Icomment = Linux SAMBA Share (Only smb05)$
    286 ^Ipath = /home/smb05$
    287 ^Ibrowseable = yes$
    288 ^Ipublic = no$
    289 ^Ivalid users = smb05$
    290 ^Iwritable = yes$
    291 ^I$


FTP

/etc/rc.d/init.d/vsftpd start  데몬 실행 스크립트

[root@angelserv /]# vi /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf

     12 anonymous_enable=NO$    익명사용자 접속 거부
     96 chroot_local_user=YES$      접속시 /home/student 가 아닌 루트 환경으로 접속

# /etc/nsswitch.conf

cd /etc
ls | grep nsswitch
vi nsswitcb.files

ls | grep nsswich
cp /etc/nsswitch.dns /etc/nsswitch.conf


cp etc/nsswitch.files /etc/nsswitch.conf

-/etc/inetd.conf 서버목록 리스트

인증 21
데이터통신20

su - test1
cd /
cd /etc
cd ~
* /bin/ksh

/ => /export/home/test1
~ = >     "




/usr/local/etc/proftpd.conf

DefaulRoot ~

#DNS
53번

TCP
UDP

계층적
DataBase
등록 // DNS (위임)

http://whois.nida.kr

ftp://ftp.internic.net

ftp://ftp.internic.net/domain/  named.root  ( 6개월에 한번씩 바뀜)



www.naver.com

pc
1. hosts & cache
2. DNS 'Server'
DNS
1. 영역 file
2.Cache
3.Root DNS

/etc/named.conf   서비스할 Domain
서비스 도메인 " naver.com"

 

/var/named  이름 -> IP

naver.com.zone -> www.naver.com

ipconfig
 /displaydns  hosts 와 캐쉬 보는 방법
 /flushdns
 /all
nslookup
dns - 솔라리스주소

/etc/hosts   아이피의 이름
/etc/netmasks 서브넷 마스크값
/etc/defaultrouter 게이트웨이 =  192.168.1.1
/etc/resolv.conf  DNS
/etc/hostname.pcn0 호스트네임

#솔라리스 IP 변경
/etc/nsswitch.conf

#솔라리스 hostname 변경
/etc/hosts
/etc/hostname.pcn0
/etc/nodename

/etc/net - ticlts/hosts
             -ticots/hosts

 -ticotsord/hosts

--------------------------------------------------------------------------오후

DNS

/etc/named.conf
/var/named   
   -Zone File
    Record

PTR R_
A(HOST) R_

---------
   -Zone File

SOA
(D)NS
PTR  : IP ->이름
A :이름에 해당하는IP 지정
MX :mail 관련
CNAME: alias

pc
www.naver.com
1.hosts & cache
2.DNS 'server'

DNS
1.영역
2.캐쉬
3.Root DNS( Root, com, naver 등등.. ) 
etc/named.conf
도메인확인
var/named/파일
A레코드 읽어와서
www.naver.com  a 레코트 읽어옴 실제주소 ex. x.x.x.x
다시 pc에 넘겨줌

-------------------------------------------
ping 168.126.63.1

vi /etc/named.conf    - 90페이지 입력
mkdir /var/named
cd /var/named   ( 폴더만들기)
named.root 폴더에 파일 올리기
/usr/sbin/in.named   - 데몬실행

솔라리스 IP를 윈도우 DNS에 넣기
c:W DNS 설정 변경!
c:W>nslookup
>www.naver.com

/etc/named.conf
   -type hint
   - > zone  x.
cache only DNS server
- zone 파일등을 생성하지 않고 cache로 인해 운영되는 DNS로 같은 네트웍 안에
cache only DNS server 로 로컬에 두어서 cache에 있는 내용은 바로 전달하여 준다.

 
/usr/sbin/

vi /etc/named.conf
vi angelserv.com.zone
tiem to live
86400 하루
SOA (Start of Authority) - zone
ns 네임서버
보조 dns 관리

ps -ef | grep named
pkill -s 514
/usr/sbin/in.named 

/etc/resolv.conf
nameserver *
#cp /etc/nsswitch.dns /etc/nsswitch.conf

복구빠름
돈듬, 시간듬

증분 (Incremental)-변경된 Data Backup

복구느림
돈작게듬 시간 작게듬

증분 전체 풀백업
Level
0 ~ 9 ( 0이 제일 높음 )
스케줄링표는 내 앞에껄 먼저 봄

앞의 날을 확인 (나보다 레벨이 높으면 신경x)


---------------------------------------------
ls

umount /test/data
ufsdump 0uf /test/backup/full.data.bak /dev/rdsk/x2t0d0s0
more /etc/dumpdates

ex. ufsdump 0cfu /dev/rmt/0 /dev/rdsk/c0t3d0s0


mount /dev/dsk/c2t0d0s0 /test/data
cd /test/data
ls -l
man pwd > 1day.data
cd /
umount /test/data
ufsdump 0uf /test/backup/1day.data.bak /dev/rdsk/c2t1d0s0
more /etc/dumpdates
mount /dev/dsk/c2t0d0s0 /test/data
cd /test/data
ls
man cp > 2day.data
ls
cd /
umount /test/data
ufsdump 9uf /test/backup/2day.data.bck /dev/rdsk/c2t0d0s0
more /etc/dumpdates

mount /dev/dsk/c2t0d0s0 /test/data
cd /test/data
ls
man rm > day.data
cd /
umount /test/data
ufsdump 9uf /test/backup/3day.data /dev/rdsk/c2t0d0s0

level 5
mount /dev/dsk/c2t0d0s0 /test/data
cd /test/data
ls
man mv > 4day.data
cd /
umount /test/data
ufsdump 5uf /test/backup/4day.data.bak /dev/rdsk/c2t0d0s0
more /etc/dumpdates
cd /test/backup

my -------------------------
경로 a/data
a/data/backup
a/data/backup1
mount /dev/dsk/c2t0d0s0 /a/data
man ls  > 1day.data
cd /
umount /a/data
ufsdump 0uf /a/backup/1day,data.bak /dev/rdsk/c2t0d0s0
-----------------------------




오후 -------------------------------------------------------
ㅇㅁ

crontab 주기적인 예약 작업

#pool
well-known port
daemaon

web -